Today’s report from the National Audit Office (NAO) finds that the Equipment Plan remains unaffordable for the fourth successive year, with the Ministry of Defence estimating that equipment costs will be £7.3 billion higher than its budget between 2020 and 2030.

The National Audit Office (NAO) scrutinises public spending for Parliament and is independent of government and the civil service.

The MoD’s Equipment Plan sets out its intended investment in equipment over the next decade, and assesses whether it will be affordable. The 2020–2030 Equipment Plan shows that the MoD allocated £190 billion to equipment projects, 41% of its overall defence budget, which it needs to manage effectively to ensure the armed forces can secure and maintain the equipment they need to meet their military objectives.

You can read the summary of the NAO report here.

In the plan, the MoD estimates that costs will be £7.3 billion higher than the budget, although in a worst-case scenario, the funding shortfall may be as large as £17.4 billion. However, the NAO continues to have reservations about the Plan’s cost forecasts.

“The MoD has presented the equipment budget on a different basis to previous years, which means its estimated funding shortfall for 2020–2030 is not directly comparable to previous years. The 2020–2030 Plan also excludes the full costs of replacing equipment that is becoming obsolete, such as the Navy’s mine hunting capability. The MoD has also started major procurement projects, including new submarines and combat aircraft, and is intending to develop new capabilities such as space capabilities, but has not included the full costs of these in the Plan.

The MoD continues to make over-optimistic and inconsistent judgements when forecasting costs. In the Plan, the MoD reduced its overall cost forecast by £25.1 billion to reflect adjustments for expected savings and its ability to deliver projects in line with original timetables. The MoD has made some improvements in its approach to estimating these savings, such as introducing a new process for estimating efficiency savings. However, it has not made enough progress in establishing a consistent and evidence-based approach to adjusting cost forecasts.”

Affordability pressures have grown since 2015 and are increasingly restricting the ability of military commands to develop their capabilities.2 The funding shortfalls are most acute in the next five years, with an estimated deficit of £8.3 billion, although this could be higher if the military commands do not achieve £8.4 billion of forecast savings in these five years. All of the military commands have funding shortfalls in their 10-year equipment programmes, with the Royal Navy reporting the largest shortfall of £4.3 billion (12% of overall costs).

“The MoD has no contingency for 2020-21, restricting the military commands’ ability to act on any unexpected demands or cost increases. As a result, the commands have again responded to funding pressures by stopping projects or deferring expenditure into later years. “

The NAO add that the MoD produced the plan prior to November 2020, when the government announced an additional £16.5 billion to support the development of military capabilities.

“This funding is intended to allow the MoD to modernise and invest in new technologies, including its cyber and space capabilities. It presents the MoD with an opportunity to develop a more affordable programme to develop the military capabilities that it needs. As it decides how to allocate this funding, the MoD will need to ensure that long-term decisions on equipment projects are based on a realistic assessment of costs.”

Gareth Davies, head of the NAO, said in a release:

“To date, the MoD’s fundamental problem has been that the cost of delivering its ambition far exceeds its available budget. Faced with an unaffordable equipment programme, it has adopted a short-term approach to financial management that restricts the military commands from developing the equipment they need and leads to increased costs in the longer-term. The government’s announcement of additional investment gives the MoD an opportunity to develop a more balanced equipment programme. It now needs to make tough decisions on its priorities, if it is to avoid a continuation of the increasing cost pressures we have seen in recent years.”

You can read the full NAO report here.

George Allison
George has a degree in Cyber Security from Glasgow Caledonian University and has a keen interest in naval and cyber security matters and has appeared on national radio and television to discuss current events. George is on Twitter at @geoallison

95 COMMENTS

  1. Here we go the inevitable old story of budgets and affordability of defending the realm. The real answer must be no, and hasn’t that always been the true answer? At this precise point in UK history, we possibly can’t afford not to spend?

    • Agreed. We need to realise, we have turned the corner for the better. The EU is in our past and CANZUK is in our future. If we want to become a large power again, we should raise the spending to 3% of GDP. Nothing else is acceptable

      • The whole canzuk is a stupid paper story that people used to justify Brexit. It’s got about as much truth in. It has about much truth as all the Brexit rubbish about a better deal. Reality is these other nations have their financial and polictical interests else where, the UK is their past not their present or future.

        • Interesting info Steve, ‘to justify BREXIT’

          I thought a referendum was promised, organised, monitored by the electoral commission with paramiters agreed by all sides and took place with leave winning?

          No need to justify BREXIT, a democratic vote did that. I would point out that bullshit was used in copious amounts by both sides.

          It just so happened that project fear was the wrong approach to use by remain and remain tipped the scales in the field of bullshit.

          Ironically using President Obama in a national TV broadcast to ‘tell’ the British people to vote remain, was the biggest mistake of them all. That arrogant move by Cameron pushed leave over the winning line in my opinion.

          I would strongly suggest Cameron never takes up gambling, he’s dreadful at it!

          We now have financial interests elsewhere too and will (are) forming political and trading alliances with our friends in Canada, Australia and New Zealand and many other countries as well as the EU block.

          • Brexit was promised on the idea of massive of extra money being freed up whilst still having a free trade deal with the EU and better deals with other nations. We got none of that.

            My point isn’t about whether Brexit itself was right or wrong, it’s more that the utopia that was promised and realistically could never happen, has not and with that a better trade deal with Canada/Australia/new Zealand or in fact currently any country at all.

            Our interests will always be focused towards Europe because they are our closest neighbour, by and far largest trading partner, largest trading bloc in the world, and we effectively rely on them to be our buffer with Russia. Brexit or not, our focus should remain closely aligned with Europe

          • I understand your feelings Steve, but with respect, you are now looking back over your shoulder at history.

            EU membership is behind us and the sooner people face that fact and move on the better.

            We have an exciting future ahead, we can carry on trading with our European friends while connecting with the rest of the world.

            I’ll make a prediction, 5 years from now, we will have record employment and the highest annual economic growth rate in Europe.

            The UK has always been an outward looking maritime trading nation and we will re-discover our can do spirit and prosper.

            The EU is slowly strangling itself with red tape and bringing control ever closer into the centrer.

            The Euro interest rate for instance is effectively set by Germany, (the banker and heart of the European project), smaller countries with massively different economies really struggle.

            With 27 member nations, decisions have to be made for the common good, I will guarantee to you Steve that you will see a rolling back of national vetos by 2030, replaced with majority voting, in vague areas of tax law at first, before slowly moving into other more important areas of national sovereignty.

            When this stealthy power grab has reached its final play, constitute EU countries will effectively cease to be, the trap will slam shut and they will become States of the Union, locked in place forever.

            The EU will have reached its final, somewhat inevitable destination.

            The chances are most citizens won’t even notice until it’s too late and sleep walk right into it …. Perhaps they won’t care by this stage??

            Am I bothered by that, nope, not anymore!

            It’s better for us to trade with one block than different European countries, so life for us will be easier.

            Quite frankly, it’s their problem…

          • Steve is our resident remoaner, everyone has tried to reason with him but apparently he just doesn’t possess the required faculties to comprehend logical reasoned arguments.

          • It’s got nothing to do with being a renowner or brexitier, as those terms are now historic and meaniless, we have left.

            I’m providing factual information that can be proved, rather than hopes and dreams that post Brexit we might somehow get more trade from our former empire.

            Reality is none of them have been lining up to sign a better trade deal than we had (we left 12months ago and nothing), instead they have been requiring we sign a deal with the EU first, as they don’t want to damage their own deals with the EU.

        • After 40 years of EU membership, sold to the 1970 public as “just a trading bloc”, the benefits of membership remainers think so clear & obvious had not convinced the majority. Those who had lived longest with the EU machine knowing what it really was rather than the kids impressed with the broucher-like EU spin, mostly felt they’d had enough of it.

    • Your mid 70s, old and we all suppose had a full life, and the best you can do is little child like name calling….nice!

      • About time George shuts this Insurrectionist megaphone off!
        There are parallels here with the Mob that stormed the Capitol!

        • But he is amusing as its not often you find such a sad crayon eating fascist willing to post such guff in public. But yes he is quite irrelevent at this time and maybe its time for him to go back to being Iqbal on STRN. Cheers mate.

  2. It’s the NHS that is spiraling out of control. Decades of mismanagement and decades of spending with no comeback on what the expenditure is and now when it’s needed most it’s discovered to not be fit for purpose. That’s the scandal.
    When you need to call in Armed Forces Loggies to sort out your transport and distribution you know that something is wrong.

    • You go back to the old Yes Minister quote spend on the NHS “and the nation feels absolved”.

      The administrative inefficiency and incompetence within the NHS is well know and admitted to by pretty much every medic, nurse and most administrators.

      Trouble is there are a mass of noisy interest groups that make simplifying and streamlining things impossible. It is such a big organisation that the Borg fights back!

      It infuriates a lot of surgical consultants, talking to them, that they have unfilled lists because of budget smoothing. There is a waiting list of patients. The staff are all paid and the theatre is still there. It is just alternative reality stuff.

    • Maybe a case of they’re both bad at it but aye, the NHS is so bloated that it can’t (or doesn’t) operate efficiently. My missus has a lot of dealings with them (work as opposed to a malingerer) and rarely has a good word for the infrastructure.

      It will be a ballsy government that has a go at the NHS on the back end of Covid though, the MOD is a much easier target.

      • I don’t think any government will cut NHS funding but there is bound to be low risk ways of cutting inefficiencies. I would also charge £10 for consultations and end free proscritions unless it is a life long illness to stop a of time wasting. When a service is free it’s completely taken for granted.

        • I wasn’t suggesting a government go on a cost cutting exercise as such, quite the reverse really, more saying that on the back of covid the NHS will be bullet proof as far as the public are concerned.

          With regard to the charges and ending of free prescriptions, that kind of goes against what the NHS is about. I agree that we’re now at the place where folk rip the absolute piss and go to the doctor when a trip to Boots would sort it. Sometimes the NHS don’t do themselves any favours with prescriptions either, on a rare visit I went in to sort out allergies/mild asthma type stuff and the long and short of it was to try different OTC (and cheap) antihistamines. I was still given a prescription to get some from the pharmacy (not used) though.

          I see the NHS as one of the things that makes the UK that tiny bit different from other countries (at the end of the day, most countries are more similar than some would want to believe). Between that and our Welfare system I think how we as a country look after the less fortunate. its still a great way to do things, its just had the hole has been ripped out of it but freeloaders but that’s a slightly different debate.

          • I know pharmacists that have given out toothpaste on prescription. There are just certain thresholds where paying a very small fee has to be expected to stop people ripping the arse out of it.
            I know a Dr who gave cpr to someone who suffered a heart attack while running in the gym. Saved his life and his thanks for it was a solicitors letter for bruised ribs. I’m not even joking.
            People being admitted to A&E because they had too much on a Saturday night then assaulting staff. If they received a bill for £1,000 they wouldn’t be too long taking responsibility for their actions.
            £20 refundable deposit then to see a gp so if you miss it you lose it. All options to cut waste or at least recoup some of the money wasted by people for their lifestyle choices.

          • That’s just daft. I had to pay for a bottle of eye drops since my contacts dry out a bit quick and fair enough, it’s not a prescription thing. Off the top of my head (and a Google) apparently there’s never been a successful case brought against someone who performed CPR here.
            Good idea about the fine, doubt that would cause anything but more work for the police trying to enforce it.

          • Good points BB85 and notwithstanding my comments there is room for improvement no doubt but these UK institutions are at a very high level of competence compared to most other countries

          • Morning Andy. Bottom line-free enterprise, as long as it comes in the form of genuine competition and not a couple of big oligopolies, always does things more efficiently. So the MoD and NHS are easy targets to criticise but can I tell you that as a Brit in exile,from my view the UK Public sector is among the best in the world and your NHS and yes, even the MoD is something to cherish. Here in South Africa much of our Public and quasi Public sector has been destroyed by a greed, incompetence and corruption beyond understanding

          • Morning Geoff, I’m not convinced that free enterprise is the ‘go to’ answer for a lot of stuff. I’ve never understood why some prisons are run by private companies, I’m not keen on infrastructure like the power companies being owned by share holders either but I don’t want to go too off piste on this.

            I’m a big fan of the NHS, I do get frustrated when it seems to be consistently bad at doing things, I’ve seen plenty stuff in the MOD that is pretty shoddy too, I guess where private companies are involved then things are more accountable because its all someone’s money instead of just a budget to be managed.

            Wish I knew the answer, I’d charge the government 1% of the money I saved and retire a month later a very rich man.

          • Hi Andy. Private enterprise is obviously not suited to all Public sector tasks, including for reasons other than financial, but i still think much could be privatised to the general good. To use a South African example our Public electricity utility Eskom, has been destroyed by those who have run it for the last 20 years since our 1994 election. They have a hugely inflated and grossly overpaid staff producing less electricity costing consumers much more money along with frequent power cuts. The suggestion here is to allow private institutions to supply power. They are queuing up and ready with wind power, solar(huge potential here in SA) and other innovative schemes including private vessels generating power just offshore and supplying coastal cities. This would eliminate enormously damaging blackouts, cut the price of supply and boost the moribund economy. Yet they won’t let free enterprise in?!?

          • Hi Geoff, that just sounds like bad management and that can happen in both the private and public sector. The risk with the private sector is that infrastructure can be ignored to make sure share holders get their dividends. There is the scope for things to go bad in both cases.

          • I think we are broadly on the same page Andy and you are spot on by labelling the Eskom example as bad management but i wanted to say that Power Utilities in general could benefit from Private sector input in response to your reservations about private shareholding in such companies

        • By necessity this Covid-19 pandemic seems to be driving at least some efficiency initiatives in the NHS. For instance I saw a news report about one A&E changing its admission path to re-order things such that a doctor got to assess each patient at a much earlier stage rather than an initial consultation with a triage nurse followed by a lengthy wait for any further treatment. They claimed to have data showing that after the change they had substantially enhanced patient throughput. Would they have ever tried that change in procedure were they not desperately trying to optimise resources? I suspect not.

          I suspect there are many other examples of small changes in procedures now that will carry forward into better resource utilisation even after this Covid-19 storm has abated.

        • Despite its wretched performance during the pandemic, the NHS is probably untouchable. One way to change attitudes might be to hand every patient a notional bill showing the cost of treatment. A record could be maintained so that serial overusers could be identified and challenged.
          One thing I really don’t get is what the highest paid GPs in Europe have been doing for the last 10 months. And why should they get paid extra for doing routine vaccinations on patients they get an annual capitation fee for whether they treat them or not?
          Properly planned, defence expenditure on UK made kit could generate big exports ( not just fast jets.) but that would require a long term approach from our useless politicians.

      • You are right there Andy, a little while ago Jonathan gave a very good (thorough in the constraints of a forum post) breakdown of improvements needed in the NHS, from a knowledgeable chap who knows his stuff.

        Like many of our public services, the Police for instance, there’s unnecessary duplication across force areas, waisting huge amounts of money across the country.

        The answer is a frank conversation to see what can be done better, is needed, the trouble is, it’s seized and jumped upon by those on the left who howl and scream ‘ the NHS is under threat’ and resist any reform no matter what.

        They run to their own agendas unfortunately……

        What’s needed in my opinion, is the NHS needs to be taken away from governmental control and placed under the control of an Indipendent body, to oversee and reform it to represent best world practices.

        Funding should be ring fenced and spent wisley, bureaucracy slashed and management streamlined.

        • Are you prepared to take on the interests of those in charge of the CNC or MOD plod, indeed why can there not be just one police force?

          Why are there still 3 military police forces? Oh, pongos can not inspect ships, no, we couldn;t but an organisation set up bereft of individual headquarters and admin overheads could have, ripe for change to purple.

          • Absolutely David, the Police are long overdue for root and branch reform.

            Having individual forces with their own chains of command across county lines, is ridiculous and outmoded in the 21st century.

            It wastes an enormous amount of money in pointless and massive duplication of command structures, great for jobs for the boys, but not so good for national Policing.

            We could probably get away with four police force areas in England, with regional offices, disbanding the MOD police entirely, with their frankly piss poor record.

            The savings would be substantial, the arcane and slow moving management structure hugely streamlined and savings reinvested back into front line policing.

        • Morning John, that idea of removing the NHS from direct government control is an interesting one, you would hope that it would give more continuity. For me the problem that organisations like the NHS and MOD have is the way the budgets are divvied up and run. People with budgets can get very precious about THEIR budget and palm people off, there’s also the ‘if you don’t use it you lose it’ aspect which can lead to money being wasted.

          As I said to Geoff above, I don’t claim to know the solution to this, maybe giving a bit more flexibility to people’s budgets and if they can save some money from one pot to try and move it to another pot then make it easy, dunno, just spit balling it but the way things are run now can be very frustrating when trying to get something done.

          • I absolutely agree. Remember when Tony Blair basked in the glory of “Saving the NHS” … The budget certainly went up, but reform was brought up quick smart when his boss’s at the TUC said NO WAY…

            He instead made things much worse, engaging in a huge huge hospital building program using PPI’s!

            Well done Tony, great job, talk about kicking the can down the road!

            Usual Labour mess……

            So, yep, take the NHS away from the Government of the day, none of them can be trusted not to use it for their own political football….

    • There’s obviously way more to it but to some extent I think that defence and the NHS have the same problem and that problem is the seemingly inevitable desire for each new government to place its mark on things, to throw out previous government’s decisions sometimes simply on the basis of “not invented here”, and to implement its own new plans. That not only happens when a change of government involves a change of political party in power but sometimes even after a new prime minister has won an internal power struggle within the same party and wants to send an “I’m different from my predecessor” message to the party and to the country. For defence we see this effect in the constant changing of numbers and specifications for major procurement projects and for the NHS it’s maybe even worse with a succession of major re-organisations which for such a huge organisation (or set of organisations, therein lies some of the problem) are massively disruptive.

      In both cases what is needed, in my view, is some coherent long-term planning with at least some level of cross-party buy-in that is then somehow protected such that it can’t be thrown off course by some future government wilfully wanting to stamp its own mark on things. Then fund it sufficiently with protected budgets over multiple government terms such that it actually gets seen through to its conclusion.

      (Oh, and don’t try to hide capital expenditure within PFI deals where the mark-ups to give the PFI suppliers the profit margins they want end up costing way more than it would have cost to borrow the money at government rates of interest and then service the interest due and the capital repayments.)

      • Unfortunately, the NHS is riddled with politics. Think back to how many times the issue of lost revenue, to the tune of millions of pounds annually, for treating foreign nationals who are not entitled to free treatment comes up. Then recall Doctor after Doctor (often political activists) on TV stating that ‘we are Doctors – not revenue collectors for Government’. Remember?

        Ok, now go ask your GP for a letter to your insurance company of injuries sustained in an accident. ‘Certainly, that will be £10 + VAT’.

        Over 50? You’ll get an annual health check appointment sent to you and your prescriptions may not be renewed if you fail to attend. Why so rigorous? The £25 bonus that GP’s get for every one they perform.

        Funny how they refuse to collect the money to help the costs of the NHS in order to virtue signal – but never miss lining their own pockets.

        Issues are never simple or straightforward when it comes to the NHS

  3. If I were to take an optimistic tone, I’d put that the MoD had been awarded an incremental budget increase to see how they manage the extra money before they’re given the amount they need. It’s not like the MoD have been exactly efficient with their procurement over time

    But who am I kidding, its the government. They have no idea

    • It doesn’t help when the head of the Army, Navy or Airforce goes to the Defence Secretary and says I have a cunning plan to modernise our forces. It all looks very good and they get a pat on the back and promotion, but hardly anything is delivered and is late. i’m looking at you General Carter.

  4. Same old story. But no need for the doom merchants to wake up either.

    The extra billions cannot all vanish into cyber, the AIA, and Space, so I’d expect a fair chunk of that defecit to never materialise.

    • Hi Daniele,

      I did read at the time of the original discussions about the up lift in defence spending that the spend on cyber etc. would only use about half of the total increase. As most commentators seemed to think that the MoD should be able to fill the spending gap.

      My concern is that they will assume that this new money means lots of new kit. Wrong. It means that the current plan MIGHT be feasible if they get their blinking house in order. There in lies the problem…

      Cheers CR

    • See this a lot on internet comments section, likely people who don’t want to find out enough to worry themselves so wave it off. Government absolutely does exist and absolutely does matter, the exponentially growing problem of the debt burden will have to be dealt with one day

      • It will be dealt with in the easiest way for politicians: monetizing the debt. And as long as everyone else (e.g. the U.S. is doing the same thing) it can be maintained indefinitely.

        • I’m afraid that rests on the assumption that there’s unlimited appetite and capacity for debt in capital markets which is just false. There’s only so much debt that can be bought, and there’s only so long your bonds yields can stay competitive for

          • Your bond yields don’t have to be competitive if your central bank is printing money to buy them. HTH.

          • So why don’t poorer countries just do the same? Surely if that’s the silver bullet there would zero poverty, countries could just print money and buy up there own debt.

          • Widespread QE leads in only one direction – hyperinflation. It is not a future-proof policy

          • Yep, Argentina was one of the most prosperous nations with its currency widely traded and sort after in the early part of the last century. Its a prime example of how poor government and economic management can ruin a country. There is a point where there will be the question can they afford to pay, at that point rates go up.

          • You all missed the part where I said “as long as everyone else is doing it, too”… There will be no hyperinflation if there’s no safe refuge elsewhere. Yes, there will be inflation, which will be a cost borne by all holders of the currency. Hence the term “monetizing the debt”.

  5. Maybe we could re role 1970’s, 80’s and 90’s left over Compo into weapons to save money. A simple spigot mortar could deliver a deadly wave of Cheese possessed, tinned margarine, Bacon Grill and those peas from the Arctic menu.

    Ha,ha – I understand you’ve still got ‘oat mill block’ too.

    • Leave my oat meal block alone – it would have been almost orgasmic if I had not been surrounded by 30 other soldiers…

      • David, the only way to eat it is:

        Break it up, add milk powder, instant chocolate (optional) and the apple flakes (remember those?). Boil in water until porridgeish.

        • You obviously never had my DS from KORBR, they only way to eat it is get it down your neck, sharpish like, y ken marra?

  6. 1000 Deloitte consultants with zero experience of public health paid £2.3k per day to run a centralised phone based covid contact tracing system.
    My partner has just tested positive for covid and filled in her contacts on the NI web site. Less than an hour later I received a text message telling me to self isolate for 10 days, which of course I had already embarked on. A simple, effective IT system. The English contact tracing system cost over £10billion. A disgrace.

  7. With one of the largest defence budgets in the world there is something seriously wrong with the whole culture of procurement and decision making that no amount of salami slicing will permanently solve.

    It needs root and branch reform. I’d start with the Army 2025 structure (or whatever it’s called now) which has been utterly shambolic.

  8. A point of clarification. Does this report allow for the recent planned in defence expenditure for the next five years, or was this report concluded prior to the announced increases?

      • Really Robert?

        The NAO add that the MoD produced the plan prior to November 2020, when the government announced an additional £16.5 billion to support the development of military capabilities.”

        To me that means it does not.

        • Fingers crossed you are correct mate, I didn’t notice the date it was put together, or remember the date the increase in cash was announced.

          • I managed to wade through the report which is hard to follow and get to the numbers for big projects.
            The plan does include the £16b uplift.
            There are some major items with no funding
            * Ch2 upgrade
            * AS90 upgrade or replacement
            *AESA radar for Typhoon
            *Combat aircraft purchase beyond the 48 contracted F35b
            *Mine hunting modernisation.
            * Type 26 beyond the three ordered (@£3.6 b)
            Included in the plan are:
            * Warrior upgrade (£1.7 b but not yet contracted)
            *All five Type 31.
            The report lumps together purchase costs and support. I have not been able to get to a more detailed breakdown. Funds for Dreadnought will be build costs only. For F35, the total is around £9b and will include support falling mainly in years after 2025 when delivery of the 48 will be complete.

  9. Recent likely reductions in E-7, yet again moving the Challenger & Warrior yes/no decision to the right, main gate approval for Tempest and Chinook postponed (the latter now tending to precipitously park in fields for days on end), and Rishi Sunak suddenly losing his equanimity in the Commons over the ongoing economic horror story for China’s Covid export, all at a time when Government pronouncement on Defence was at least sounding coherent in an increasingly unstable world. Doesn’t look over optimistic to me; more same old same old. Hopefully, I’ll be proven wrong.

  10. Here’s a thought. Cut back on some of the money spent to keep the royals in the lap of luxury and spend it on the troops. I guess that makes too much sense so it won’t happen.

    • Keeping neutral on the wider question of Monarchy, I would say that the amount that could be saved here would be tiny, even without a cost-benefit analysis on the Institution as a whole.

    • The Royal estate brings in far more income to the tax man, than it costs the UK taxpayer. in 2019, the Royal Family cost each individual UK taxpayer 69p.

      • Was Not the Royal Estate land seized from others?
        It is likely those others will have had seized it in turn from others as well!

      • An example is, the land of the Church of England came from land seized by Henry the 8th from the Roman Catholic Church, one third of England at the time.
        The RCC must of seize this land from others further in the past.

        • Are you suggesting we should abolish the monarchy and hand over a third of England to the Pope? At some point in time all land was seized by somebody or the other, and then sold on for a profit. That was a perfectly legitimate method of acquiring land at that time, so why is it
          for us to punish the descendants of the people who just so happened to be better at seizing land than everyone else? Where would you draw the line with such nonsense?

          • No, I am Not saying we should abolish the monarchy yet. I am neutral on the issue.
            The Crown Estate land could be put into a Sovereign Wealth fund to pay for expenses.
            Also the CoE should keep the land which it has got, about 2 million acres, which includes the land hosting the Churches.
            The rest of the 8 million acres taken by Henry the 8th was given to his friends.

    • I’m a proud Monarchist, so, no thank you.

      The Royal Family make more for the nation than they cost, in more than just finances.

      • I’m inclined to agree, the Monarchy is part of the UK brand these days. I have traveled a lot over the years its something that people always want to talk about once they find out you’re from the UK, particularly beyond Europe. That and English football 🙂

  11. Time to cancel the CTA 40, 20,000lbs of recoil was never going to work without damaging hulls and wobbling turrets 180 db seems a bit loud too! Join the new euro tank project, by the time the CR2 upgrade is built it will be too old and supply chain for small numbers expensive. Increase boxer numbers and fit bushmaster as warrior upgrade too expensive. Cancel Ajax with CTA40 and buy CV90 with bushmaster as it works !

    • Whilst the logic is sound, government procurement is terrible and it’s taken years and vasts amount of money to decide on the Ajax etc, cancelling it would just result in even more loss of money and even longer before the gear hits front line service.

  12. The treasury must step up as most of what is on the books is quite modest, long delayed replacement of worn out or obsolete gear for our hollowed out military. Cyber is a real & present threat, space more expendable. We are in increasingly unstable times with very real threats to free societies. Totalitarian PRC has become a global threat & the USA is at risk of civil war or a far right takeover. Assad has been allowed to brutally crush all opposition, our Kurdish allies sold down the river, Ulraine fights a long war against Russian pproxies, Iran is a clear danger as is N Korea, the Saudis are toxic allies, Turkey an authoratarian state, Islamic extremism is flooding the Sahel & Russia is Putin’s kingdom.
    Unless free, demoratic states stand up & keep up a strong guard it will only get worse worldwide & be on our doorstep sooner.

  13. The Russian Confederation is commissioning between 8 to 6 warships each year. That’s just for starters we need to be aware of this. Does that ring a bell?

  14. Plus the official MOD site reports a regular force level of 135,000 personnel for all services. This is pathetic.

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