The refreshed National Shipbuilding Strategy has set out how many ships and of what types are to be built in the United Kingdom over the next 30 years.

According to the document:

“As Sir John Parker highlighted in his 2019 review, volume is an important effciency driver and Government shipbuilding opportunities may help to insulate yards against the volatility of a challenging global market. While the overwhelming majority of the value of the Government shipbuilding portfolio comes from MOD vessels, there are opportunities for UK industry across a range of vessel types in the Government portfolio.

To provide greater transparency of these forthcoming opportunities, we have updated the 30 Year Master Plan and developed a 30 Year Cross-Government Shipbuilding Pipeline.

The NSO will oversee this pipeline, working with Departments to manage this against UK
industrial capacity. As the pipeline spans a 30 year period, it is subject to change and
will be agreed through future Spending Reviews. The NSO will update this pipeline at
each multi-year Spending Review, however, we will be reliant upon industry delivering
programmes to cost and time so that we can minimise changes to the pipeline and provide greater certainty.”

According to a Government statement:

“First published in 2017, the National Shipbuilding Strategy outlined ambitions to transform naval procurement, securing export and design contracts for British naval ships. Building on that success, this refresh outlines the government’s further ambitions to reinvigorate the whole British shipbuilding industry.

Over £4 billion of government investment will galvanise and support shipyards and suppliers across the UK, with new measures including better access to finance, vital skills-building, and funding for crucial research and development into greener vessels and infrastructure.

Designed in partnership with industry and delivered by the recently formed National Shipbuilding Office (NSO), the National Shipbuilding Strategy Refresh will also deliver a pipeline of more than 150 new naval and civil vessels for the UK Government and Devolved Administrations over the next 30 years. The vessels will include large warships, Border Force cutters, lighthouse vessels and the new National Flagship.”

Here’s the plan.

Click to enlarge.
Click to enlarge.
Click to enlarge.

Prime Minister Boris Johnson said:

“2021 will be remembered as the year HMS Queen Elizabeth – the most powerful surface vessel ever built in Britain – embarked on her first operational deployment. Assembled by a cast of more than ten thousand highly skilled workers in six iconic dockyards – Appledore, Birkenhead, Govan, Portsmouth, Rosyth and the Tyne – the carrier is the very best of British engineering and she is a floating showcase for the world-class talents of our nation’s finest shipwrights. With this vessel, and everything she represents, as our inspiration, 2022 will be remembered as the year that we bear down on our shipbuilding ambitions.

Ambition, however, is not enough. So this strategy sets out our plan to stoke the flame of the renaissance in British shipbuilding across our great Union. We are starting by extending our scope well beyond purely naval to commercial shipbuilding. The focus is looking beyond the hulls to the systems and sub-systems. And we are going to do more to focus on the factors critical for future success: skills, technology and access to finance.
Next, we will give industry a much clearer demand signal about what we are trying to achieve with our procurement programmes. For the first time we are releasing a 30-year pipeline of all Government vessel procurements. As well as Ministry of Defence vessels, this will include ships such as those procured by the Home Office; the Department for Transport; the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs; UK Research and Innovation; and the Devolved Administrations. Our new National Flagship will be the
trailblazer of our strategy, as a beacon of British technology, ingenuity, and trade. This strategy will give UK firms a thorough understanding of our policy and technology priorities. The maritime sector will know the value we place on regional growth, skilled jobs and thriving supply chains, and how they can help us to level up across the UK.”

George Allison
George has a degree in Cyber Security from Glasgow Caledonian University and has a keen interest in naval and cyber security matters and has appeared on national radio and television to discuss current events. George is on Twitter at @geoallison

94 COMMENTS

    • The synic in me would say almost half the vessels in the UK government strategy are not UK government but devolved administration vessels. Will the UK government be passing a new law that states devolved administration have to build in the UK? The UK government it self does not build non warships in the UK so is it going to force Scotland to buy Ferries from the UK while letting the RN buy tankers in South Korea?

      • I agree the ‘plan’ is weak on detail. That said it’s good that a holistic high level plan has been done. At least we have a fairly complete inventory of tasks on paper which can be discussed and refined and doing this does affirm HMG intention to make (warship) shipbuilding a key industry. They have realised that a healthy RN = a healthy UK because it enables a host of political, social and economic objectives.

        • Don’t think it is a case of snubbing, after the disaster of the 2 ferries being build at Fergusons shipyard. This time they have gone for potentially the cheapest and quickest option by awarding to Poland.

  1. That’s interesting so from this I read that every government procured vessel large or small is now going to be built in the U.K. That would be a pretty impressive step I have to say….and yes I’m going to say it ( as someone who voted remain) this is only possible because we are not in the EU. But I will be impressed only if HMG do infact only procure from British yards.

    Also looking at some of the timelines I’m seeing a potential uptick in RN hulls in the water here so potentially:

    10 type 31/32 all in service for 2031-35 ( with T32s coming in service for 2026-30) to with a decision point for follow-up GP frigate capability in 2031-35 and news hulls in service for 36-40 and onward.

    future AAW in service 2026-2030 that is fast.

    The 6 lit strike ships coming in service for 2026-30 and a landing dock conversion by 2025.

    solid stores ships coming in service for 2025

    future patrol vessels in service for 2036

    first mention of actual mine warfare vessels and not just capability with what looks like vessels coming in service for 2025.

    new ice patrol vessel for the early 2030s

    new strategic sea lift vessels x4 for the mid to late 20s

    but no replacement for ocean or the amphs so it looks like the lit strike vessels will become the amphibious capability when the Albions finally decommission so I hope they are very good vessels.

      • Very good point although maybe they are only including what’s going to be built up into 2050. But as you say you would have though it would be a line around development starting in 45.

        • The carriers have a projected 50 year lifespan. Far to soon to be thinking about their replacements. Lets get enough Merlins, Wildcats, F35Bs onboard and an adequate soverign carrier battlegroup first.

          • To be honest we don’t know what navel air power will even look like in 50 years…it’s a long time especially with the way autonomous systems are going. navel airpower in the end of the century may be a far more defused affair, but we will probably all be dead by then so UKDJ will have a whole new group to go on about carriers this and that.

          • I just had a quick look at my back to the future UKDJ homepage for March 2070. There are loads of complaints about our 2 new Carriers to replace the QEClass. Here’s a typical one:

            “Usual Treasury penny-pinching – putting planes on these brilliant new Carriers which should be literally covered in the latest Drones. A great capability operating with 2020’s technology. Who has a Carrier with planes on it FFS!”

    • With 6 vessels as long as large with through decks and roll on ability roll off via well deck. Large helo/ UAV capability. Should be interesting.
      Bulwark and Albion will need to remain in service for a while longer. No other vessel can carry and land heavy armour over a shoreline. That capability is still needed.

      • Yes agree, the literal strike ships are going to be really good assets especially for the RM and a commitment for the strategic sea lift ships is good. But the Albions as you say have some very specific capabilities which will need to be replaced ( even if they have a few years in them yet).

      • They are in pretty good shape as they have been well looked after and were the first of the really high quality builds.

        Low miles too as they are used alternately.

        • Good point on the low miles, they do get a nice rest. How many years would you say they have with the present one on one off usage ?

      • It’s a very nice shopping list and great for British industry. Hope there are some extra helos for the RN along with all these vessels too. Extra merlin’s, updated Wildcats, drones and any future vertical lift. Would have liked to see an additional Astute here especially if 🇦🇺 choses this type. Good to see all this rejuvenation of the RN.

    • Future AAW timing looks like a T45 upgrade rather than T83 unless the T26 in build are finished as AAW ships and T23s continued in service,

        • It’s always better to do a job right first time. There is a cost in lives to cheapskate decisions. How much did it cost in lives because we built our hospitals to cheaper designs which facilitate the spread of covid than those in Europe? How much is it costing the economy to widen ‘intelligent motorways’? What we could do with is more intelligence in Whitehall. We have a debilitating cultural problem rooted in the empire mindset which sees the population of this country not as human beings but as an economic resource to be milked at minimum cost.

    • The 6 multi role vessels replace 3 Bay, 2 Albion, and Argus.

      That is how I read the MRSS requirement.

      Meanwhile, I hear both RFAs Wave Knight and Wave Ruler are laid up in reserve. 😡

  2. National Flagship. Are there any more details yet regarding this vessel with a projected 2025/26 service date?

  3. This is a great piece of news, a chance for British shipyards to modernize with the latest equipment to increase their efficiency and many highly skilled, well paid jobs for people.

  4. So actually toting it all up they are looking by the early to mid 2030s to have more that 24 escorts.

    8 T26s
    5 T31
    5 T32
    6 T26

    but also with a future AAW escort starting to be in service by the late 26-30 as well a new build of general purpose frigate in service from 2036 ( with the 31s only being a decade old).

    This looks like it’s a document for a vert increased escort build rate, so I would suspect we are going to see the high end AAW built on the T26 hull and the GP frigates built on the 31 hull, it would be the only way to crack on with that build develop rate. It also means opening annual funding taps so the two frigate builders can put hulls in the water at the max rate.

    Very interesting…I can see a new defence budget uplift being quite large.

      • thanks for the link, hopefully we will also see the annual RN budget increases to cover ongoing costs of more commissioned in service ships.

        It was interesting that the labour music, is actual very close to the government, with just a more and make sure its British slant. So in reality that’s a cross party agreement on more ships and boats built in British shipyards…maybe we are seeing a bit more strategic geopolitical wisdom coming into play.

      • I think in the contracts as an award for getting it should be stipulation that we have covered factory style facilities and also capacity to do additional parallel work for export and some commitment to also do a slowly increasing percentage of civilian work so that this acts as a stimulus package for industry.

    • Not necessarily Jonathon. Shipbuilding plan was to sell on the type 31s when they are maybe 7-10 years old and keep building.
      As long as we get a reasonable price from a friendly nation eg over 50% the cost we paid then im fine with that. Or we keep building and genuinely do get an escort fleet over 24 hulls. Which would be great.
      The new air warfare ships in service date is interesting as seems there will be a cross over between type 45s and type 83.

      • yes mr bell, selling early is a good idea but I thought they were looking at more a 15 year age for disposal.

        The type 83 is interesting as the timeframes means they will have to use one of the present hull production lines so it’s probably going to be a T26 hull ( as the T83 will be both ASW and AAW if the 80 designation follow through).

        but from that chart we are going to be having 4 different escorts being built at the same time. That’s a massive uptick in hulls in the water for the complex war ship builders.

        its also good to see both mine warfare hulls and patrol hulls on the plan as well. So that means the T32s are going to be actual escorts and not just large mine-warfare vessels pretending to be escorts.

    • Really, Jonathan. Are we reading the same plan? Eight Type 26s by early 2030? Perhaps I’ve missed something because it doesn’t read like that to me. Exactly the opposite.

      The bar for the T26s stretches to 2042. So the first will be in service in 2027 (where the little diamond is) and the last in 2042. An extremely slow build, possibly even slower than the first batch.

      The Type 31s were all supposed to be in service by 2029/2030. We see the bar stretching to 2031, but I’d hope that was just pessimism and things are still broadly on track. It’s still only “up to” five type 32s. I’d hoped they would have at least committed to all five, but at least we expect the first one in service by 2031. This suggests T32 will run on directly from T31 in Rosyth. A sensible plan.

      The highlight is Future AAW in service by 2038. That’s new and seems like good news. It will need some movement in the OOS dates of the Type 45s, but I think that could be a good thing if there are enough crew for both. However, we have to ask ourselves where the Type 83 will be built if Govan is still clogged up with slow-build Type 26s until the middle of the decade? Will Scotstoun be reopened for shipbuilding? It’s possible Rosyth could take on a line of upgraded Arrowhead 140 hulls, fittted out for AAW, like its Iver Huitfeldt forebear? If it’s Rosyth we could get a lot of them, given that the chart goes on to at least 2050.

      But the fine detail is inference. The charts talk about service dates, which is not what we need to know for shipbuilding. We need to know is quantity, build and delivery dates.

      There’s a lot to read in the plan, especially in the smaller ships, which will be “contractor operated” and arriving by the end of this year, presumably the last of project Vahana.

      • Sadly you may actually be correct, although it may be one of the most confusing Gantt chartS I have ever seen. Maybe that’s the point.

        • Now I feel like like the heartless b*****d who just broke the news that Santa isn’t real, but I’m sure in your heart you knew that anyway.

          If a contract is signed for the Type 83 in 2026 as this plan suggests, the defence equipment plan will need some major financial updating, and that’s actually possible. Alas, my gut is telling me that the plans are all still business as usual, and a 2038 in-service date is tooth-fairy territory.

          For an hour or two, I allowed myself a sliver of hope, and it felt good. Maybe I’ll leave something under the pillow tonight. If only I wish hard enough….

          • We can all hope Jon. But in reality I don’t think western governments really think geopolitics anymore, it’s more about the minimal possible spend and a bucketful of hope that history does not come knockIng on their shift.

            Had a conversation with my brother today who is not the most defence aware individual but even he thinks NATO has effectively given up on the rest of the world and has retreated behind its fence. We both came the the conclusion that we are not even sure the US would be there for a European NATO member.

  5. Fascinating. So future air warfare design finished by 2026/2027 with in service date before 2030. Type 83 needs to be a cruiser sized vessel armed to the teeth with ability to undertake BMD. 12 hulls needed. 6 type 45s are not enough.

    • The OSD for T45 are 2035 onwards so perhaps those dates refer to upgraded T45s, with mk41 vls and sea ceptor, or perhaps just PIP.

      • Is the OSD for the T45s correct? They have missed how much of their expected use by now? 30%, 40%, 50%? Does that not stretch the OSD further into the future?

        Secondly, there must be no doubt that the Royal Marines need to be put back up to their old strength, yet no Ocean replacement?

        • I’d imagine the OSD will be put back, especially given all the PIP and supposed mk41 Vls and Ceptor upgrades. They will be barely finished by 2030, hardly worth it if they don’t have a longer life.

          MRSS, 6 of them, will form the littoral response platforms for the Royal Marines.

  6. I want this but turned up to 11.

    It should be that if anyone needs a vessel with any level of complexity at all, civilian or military, the UK should be the place to come.

    I can avoid being my usual grumpy self though, because this does look like a step in the right direction. We are in a crisis at the moment, but let us not forget that a competent well-equipped navy is just as at home defending our interests as it is delivering water to places such as Tonga after a natural disaster.

    • Surely there could be another yard in England or Northern Ireland included? The rate that the T26 is being knocked out is akin to the yard being paid a day rate for the job. Yes, I know thery are complex platforms, however, the US yards are building their Frigates and Destroyers at the rate of 1 completed within 12-14 months start to finish. Their fleet is to increase from 292 to 530. Why are our yards taking so long?

      One glaring omission for my money is some green water subs. The Russian Kilos are green water specialists, it’s no use putting our Nuclear attack subs in such shallow water when we only have 4.

  7. For me another missed opportunity.

    no mention of the submarine fleet and no real commitment to specific ships and a more detailed schedule with ring fenced money agreed by all funders, which equals no real commitment = no certainty for industry to invest and reduce price whilst increasing throughput.

    We need a plan that states there will be x volume of each type of vessel each 5 years and the money is committed.

    This is back of a fag packet stuff, the PM and Sec Defence really should be ashamed to be presenting this.

    Strategy is only realised when there is a great implementation plan, this is very poor.

    lets hope there is something better behind this, as we can’t be working at the slow pace we currently are – its artificially increasing the cost of our ships and I am sure those working in the yards want to be launching regularly, not padding the work out over years, just for the sake of it.

    • I think they may be waiting for the Australian decision on their submarine plans due in 2 months before coming down on that one.

      That could upend anything decided now.

      What it doesn’t mention is the new class of green water diesel-electric (or whatever) submarines we need to protect our offshore infrastructure.

      BTW can anyone estimate how much less costly it would be to be building the Astute successor in collaboration with Oz if it were made a joint programme in 2 places?

      I hope that the increased build rate will come form exports, where a little progress is being made.

      • From what I have read, the US will be building them, whatever crumbs we are going to get from that table. I agree with you entirely Matt, we desperately need new diesel electrics. The Japanese have just commissioned what is said to be the most advanced DE sub in the world with its Taigei. We haven’t produced our own DE’s since the Upholder class that was world-beating in the 1970s. Between then, we have lost 40 years of experience.

    • Agreed, not even divided into size class to get a real understanding of what’s being built… I’d have settled for the double decker bus metric as long as they were clear on how a fishery protection vessel differed to a maritime protection vessel, to a rapid response craft.
      There’s a big diffference between a Scimitar Patrol boat, a River B2 and a T45…

      • good point, they could have done it by price point or size/complexity

        xxx – £20m, xx £1bn

        I have done the maths on this and it needs £4 to 5bn of funding every single year of the plan (including submarines – which take 50% of the overall budget).

        Also where is the drumbeat – surely a statement such as “we will produce 1 complex warship every 2 years as a minimum commitment” or we will build 1 ferry every 4 years.

        It isn’t hard and given the HMG supposedly has 2.5-3k small vessels why haven’t they been included as that could be 100 small vessels a year for some yard.

        probable good news is that Ferguson Marine will go and the work move to one of the other yards who will absorb the workforce.

        • Also where is the drumbeat” Quite, this reads like more of a manifesto pledge than a plan that has anything other than air behind it. I have the feeling that industry will be rather cautious about how much they invest until they’ve seen something to back this up.
          I’m glad they’re thinking about it, but not enough substance right now.

          • indeed, there are no state secrets at play here its a really simple piece of maths

            The RN fleet size is X and the future mix of asset types is Y

            Q1. How do we get it to that size?
            Q2. How do you schedule the move between types
            Q3. How do you refresh with either the same type or the replacement type.
            Q4. How do you level out the schedules to ensure a flat rate of money spent per annum.

            the above then creates the drumbeat.

            Additionally, the plan should be 25 years not 30 as a nuclear reactor has a 25 yr lifespan and the QEC’s have a 50 year lifespan with a mid life extension/sell off point in year 13 being key drivers. This is simple fleet management – of any vehicle on earth.

            What we must try and avoid at all costs going forward is delaying the sell off point – as that is the point that maintenance costs start going through the roof.

            Lastly, and very importantly – new equipment is good for Morale and is able to move with the times. It places less stress on the crew and engineers in particular and is a key enabler of recruitment and retention.

            I see nothing in this strategy that provides actual detail here and therefore in my opinion like many things – it is doomed to failure,
            I desperately hope I am proved wrong.

  8. It’s hard to judge this until the ships are actually ordered, and at present there are only 3 Type 26s and 5 T31s under construction along with the SSBNs.

  9. This revised strategy puts considerable pressure on the Scottish government to deliver urgently needed ferries. What project review process will be in place by the new shipbuilding office to ensure these vital lifelines are built on time and to cost

  10. The National Flagship has moved from MoD back to cross-government, as was originally announced last year. I hope that means its funding will too.

          • I know that – plus I think it is joint between ROI and NI.

            I once went on a TQM course with the bloke who was running it.

        • Trinity House is an endowed charity (it does not raise funds but pays it’s staff from the proceeds of an endowment) but serves as the General Lighthouse Authority, i.e. a government agency, and it’s aids to mariners and vessels are paid for by the government. RNLI lifeboat services are coordinated with the Maritime and Coastguard Agency, but the RNLI buys it’s own vessels and does not serve as a government agency.like TH.

  11. Presumably the Devolved Govts have been fully consulted on this.

    It’s a lot of decisions for Scottish Gov to make quickly, considering their recent ferry fiasco.

  12. Wasn’t most of the navy builds already known, it’s just goals for future build times with a lot of numbers not guaranteed.
    All I can see that is new for a build that isn’t a future hope is the mine countermeasures support ships being built

  13. What would be useful is a bit of clarity on the tonnage of all of those vessels- where do common sizes and requirements provide scope for settling on a fewer number of designs across devolved government and defence?
    There are a number of fishery protection, fast response, and maritime protection vessels- do they translate into a single OPV design or are they all of different sizes? That’s just an example, but it’s hard to tell when everyone uses different terminology.
    Also, can someone please cancel the national flagship, it’s embarrassing in this age of rising cost of living and sanctioning oligarchs…

  14. Are they going to rebuild that old battleship drydock at Portsmouth, so it can take QE/PoW?
    Are they going to give Cammell Laird £100m+ so it can build that new large drydock, they wanted in 2016?

  15. The national shipbuilding strategy of 2019 was a farce because all surface ship orders went north of the border resulting in the closure of Appledore Shipbuilders in north devon .Completely decimating a good skilled work force, believe it when orders are placed.

  16. The point of this strategy is to provide long-term certainty around work for UK yards, rather than the odd contract here and there with yards idle in between. By showing the total work and timelines, yards can plan, invest and train staff. Harland &Wolff is doing a great job regenerating Belfast, Appledore and the steel fabrication yards in Scotland. With orders for component parts or whole vessels they will start to rebuild skills and infrastructure.

  17. An open question:
    Any thought of putting a mix of CAMM and CAMM-ER on RN T26/31 ships if the current 6 pack silos support the heavier missile? It could give an increased Air defence ability across the fleet and in light of T45 availability. An article on Jane’s mentions the Saudi navy is looking at having both so why couldn’t we? CAMM-ER would be like the ESSM for 40-50Km+.

    The RA could also have mixed truck based CAMM launchers too.

  18. Looks like the timeline has been kept as vague as possible. There are 40+ ferry type vessels in the list surely that’s 30 years work for a couple of UK yards. But it requires thought and commitment.

  19. Does anybody know what the yards’ actual capacity is? If there were wartime losses, or if a large expansion was suddenly demanded, how many hulls could we actually construct or quickly expand to construct? I’m thinking in particular of the SSN fleet and whether it’s even feasible to build more Astutes between current construction, the replacements in a few decades and the potential Australian order. Similar considerations might apply to the escort fleet too though.

LEAVE A REPLY

Please enter your comment!
Please enter your name here