The UK government has reaffirmed its commitment to NATO and outlined plans to reinforce its leadership in European and transatlantic security.

Responding to a parliamentary question from David Reed, Conservative MP for Exmouth and Exeter East, Defence Minister Luke Pollard described NATO as the “cornerstone of UK and Euro-Atlantic security,” adding that the UK’s commitment to the alliance is “unshakeable.”

Pollard stated, “This Government is pursuing a ‘NATO First’ defence strategy. In response to growing threats, the Prime Minister has underlined the UK’s cast-iron commitment to spending 2.5% of GDP on defence. Our commitment to NATO includes our nuclear deterrent and world-class carriers with 5th generation combat aircraft.”

He framed these investments as critical to ensuring that the UK remains at the forefront of the alliance’s defence capabilities.

The minister also highlighted that “European security will be our foreign and defence priority.” He stressed the need to restore trust with the UK’s closest neighbours, pointing to new security and defence agreements with Germany, plans for a comprehensive UK-EU Security Pact, and the reinvigoration of the Lancaster House Agreement with France as key initiatives.

Pollard said these measures are designed to “enhance cooperation between the UK and key allies that complements the wider NATO alliance.” The approach reflects a commitment to addressing the growing security challenges across Europe and strengthening the UK’s role within the transatlantic partnership.


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George Allison
George has a degree in Cyber Security from Glasgow Caledonian University and has a keen interest in naval and cyber security matters and has appeared on national radio and television to discuss current events. George is on Twitter at @geoallison

72 COMMENTS

  1. Definitely positioning the Carriers as being useful to NATO beyond the worldwide CSG role.
    Hopefully bodes well for retention 🤞

    • I think we have surely always declared the carriers to NATO and they probably have a role in the Atlantic, and adjacent waters (Channel, Med, GIUK Gap, North Sea etc) for benefit of NATO.

    • “cast iron committment to spending 2.5 per cent”. sometime , when circumstances permit, as economic factors allow et al. As you say keep repeating and maybe it will be believed.

    • The UK was literally the driving force and founding member of NATO, the US never wanted to be involved in European defence.

      NATO was probably Labours greatest foreign policy achievement.

      • Sure. That is history.
        Fact is they’re still re announcing what exists just like the previous incompetents.
        Everyone including the most basic simpleton in the nation knows NATO is the bedrock of European defence.

        • I’m going to put a positive spin on this. There is a pretty we researched and respected theory around improvement that says the more conversions you have on something the more likely it is to happen as groups, organisations and individuals believe and become attached to concepts they hear over and over…for me hearing a Labour government getting into a grove of constantly talking about the defence of Europe as critical and increasing defence spending..is a good thing..instead of considering it politicians just spouting off and virtue signaling..think of it more like a hockey team in a huddle..repeating “we are doing this win win win”…because I think that’s what the Starmer government are doing…they are essentially repeating over and over..defend Europe..NATO..2.5% defence spending..knowing that if the repeat it over and over..even the defence spending, peace at all cost types will get the message and get on board…but it could just be me being positive.

          • It feels to me more like a hockey team, on a cold January morning, trying to get each others’ spirits up to avoid doing work individually.
            In other words we just need one part of government to step up and prove it can be done and the rest will follow suit.

          • Indeed, in the end you do have to come out of the circle and someone has to smash it into the back of the net…I’m sort of hoping the defence review will be the circle breaking and team getting on with scoring.

          • Me too with that last point.
            This analogy has gone on long enough, methinks.
            Are you a big hockey player, Jonathan? Most people would have gone for Football there.

          • Hockey is more “fun” and is more nuanced than football..also smacking a Puck with a big old stick is a lot more therapeutic than kicking a ball.

          • Puck? An ice hockey man?
            I never had the coordination for football. Hitting things really hard just seems to work better.

        • Daniele, please my friend, you’re great at repeating cuts that happened 30 years ago without mentioning the peace dividend that all parties have taken a scythe to.

          Be nice!

          (P.s. Take care and see you one day).

          • Hi David, mate.
            I am indeed. I’d also remind that to me, the only Peace Dividend cuts that were justified were the 91 OFC.
            So 95 FLF, 97 SDSR, 2004 NC, the period between 2004 and 2009, 2010 SDSR, 2015, 2021 were not Peace Dividend, they were cuts.
            That is actually apolitical as BOTH mainstream parties were responsible for those.
            Until Labour give me something to be positive about, and so far they’ve done sweet FA apart from announcing a review and resisting going to 2.5, I’ll keep up this tune.
            Having read we are spending over 100 Billion over the next decade on nuclear, plus tens of billions thrown at AUKUS, and another 9 billion allocated to GCAP, all industrial with no resultant increase whatsoever to our conventional forces that are literally disappearing at a rate of knots as HMG prioritises the MIC, I feel right to be fearful.
            Just to add, I support all 3 of those, but not if they result in the funeral pyre of conventional forces.

          • I’m in violent agreement with you except, we should have never drawn down so quickly and the Blair rush to make everyone and their dog have a Degree led to degree deflation and a social bar to those unlucky enough to be able to afford one.

  2. If the Donald does withdraw from NATO it’s worth the UK increasing defence spending to 3% of GDP.

    No other big economies in NATO are willing or able to spend any more and the UK
    Cementing its position as the biggest military power in Europe would give the UK great influence on the world stage.

    Even without the USA, ENATO would still be a massive military power especially if the shock of US exit forced it to become more integrated.

    • Without the US, Europe is a disunited under-armed mess.

      As for the UK, the RAF has about 130 jet combat aircraft. Tthe army fields how many divisions? The navy has 14 destroyers and frigates. The fact that this is supposedly Europe’s “biggest military power” says it all.

      • European NATO is still larger than any of its realistic geopolitical competitors. European NATO would bury Russias armed forces..the overmatch is profound.

        The issue that present NATO faces is one of potential world wide overmatch and will for a fight of years and years. Europe and the U.S. together if faced with a war that encompasses Russia, china, Iran and its proxies as well as North Korea, and these powers proxies in Africa and South America..could face potential overwhelm..especially considering chinas overwhelming advantage in shipbuilding capacity…that’s the problem. In reality Europe on its own can manage Russia…but and this is big could the U.S. manage a war with china when china was supported by russia, Iran and North Korea etc if Europe was neutral….

        The power that wins if the U.S. abandon Europe is not russia, it’s china. European powers would simply stabilise a new alliance that was focused on local security, Russia has no chance of fighting a war against the five key European powers ( UK, Germany, France, Italy and Poland) as it’s not been able to successfully defeat a second world economic power a fifth of its size..how do you think it would manage against the UK or Germany….Without the U.S. and the need to be involved in the pacific power balance Europe could development a relation with china..because actually china and Europe are so distant and geopolitically don’t have the friction lines..china would love a neutral Europe and would happily NOT support Russian in anything that destabilises that. This would leave an isolated US and liberal pacific powers..facing the most powerful enemy the US has had to face in 200 years..it would be a super power war just after the US fucked off and lost the support of 30% of the worlds wealth and Military power..

        • I also want to remind people quickly of the state of the Ukrainian Forces in 2014 when the Russian’s first invaded and Azov, at the time effectively an organised militia of crime syndicates and far right activists, mobilised to stop the Russians outside Mariopol. Ukraine hasn’t been a bastion of military strength in the last decades, anything but.

          • Indeed it was essentially a small second world military..with an economy five times smaller than Russia, the fact Russia has been fighting a war with Ukraine and not winning for a decade..sort of shows what will happen if it takes on an enemy with 5 times its military mass and well over 10 times its economic might and 10 times its population…its a war Russia can only lose catastrophically..with or without a thermo nuclear ending.

      • Some unity in Europe is achieved by the EU (for those who are in it) and also in another sense by membership of NATO – 30 European countries in it.
        In what way does the US ‘unite Europe’?

        • No. Nuclear weapons are very cheap. You wouldn’t get much for the money. The impact on the UK industrial base would cost even more.

      • different strips.Poland is not the biggest military power in Europe.

        that honour is divided up

        France has the biggest army at 118,000. Poland stands at around 110,00, Italian army at around 100,000, Spanish army at 86,000 British army 76,000 German army at 68,000..

        But the fundamental fact is once you add up all the armies of European NATO as well as its citizen armies your looking at 800,000 well equipped well trained soldiers..the professional Russian army died attacking a nation with around about a fifth of its resources…all it had now is 400,000 old men and 1 year service civilians without even proper uniforms…it has fuck alls chance against the armies of European NATO.

        Navy wise the Uk is still the biggest naval power in Europe. Polands navy is tiny

        The alone RN is a probably a more potent force than the Russian navy that’s before you add in the French and Italian navies..European naval power is vast compared to Russian..your talking 120+ major surface vessels vs around 27 soviet era warships, ( divided between Europe and pacific) 80 modern submarines vs Russias fleet of 40+ Cold War subs ( that are also shared with the pacific fleet). Aircraft carriers, Europe has 6 modern carriers Russia has 1 soviet carrier that’s been Broken for years…

        airforce wise..again Poland is not preeminent in Europe..it’s got 36 F16 and 20 odd old soviet fighters.. France and germany have the largest number of fighters at around 220 each.Greece actually has the second largest airforce at 200 fighters ( but its 4th gen Not 4.5 gen or 5th gen), UK at 170. Italy 160….total of European NATO fighter jets is around 1500, with almost all being 4.5 generation or above. Russia has around 750 fighters..but 300 are 50 year old designs.

          • I honestly think that if the US pulled the plug on NATO the European nations would possibly develop a treaty that did not include turkey, I suspect it would depend on Turkey playing more as a team player..I also think any European NATO treaty would be more solid as the more open to interpretation bits of the NATO treaty were put there by the U.S…I think a Euro treaty would be a lot more..you will defend a nation under attack..you will declare war on a nation attacking another treaty nation…NATO as is has massive get out of war free cards built in.

      • No it’s not, Turkey has the biggest numbers the UK by spending, what metric do you use to get Poland as the biggest military power in Europe?

    • If Europe had to replace the US Input to NATO I have heard an ex minister and politician claim we would have to devote near to 12% of GDP. This sounds more realistic given the all round needs of our Defence Forces not forgetting the need to invest in the logistics and infrastructure which has been whittled away to a small number of bases with minimum logistic reserve.The US will be fully aware of this huge gap as will Putin.

      • I’m not sure how they teach maths in Alabama but 12% of European GDP is about four times more than the US defence budget so I would really love to know how you worked that one out.

        The US currently has 100,000 personnel in Europe vs European NATO that has 1.8 million so what inputs do you think would have to be replaced and why do you think it would cost $4 trillion a year to do that?

        • Ummm… believe Alabama Boy (who is evidently an ex-pat Brit) was citing an ex-Brit minister’s hypothetical argument re the UK sole replacement of US contribution to NATO. Vanishingly small probability that this scenario would transpire. Although, there is a reasonable probability that there will be a gradual drawdown of US forces/capabilities permanently assigned to ENATO, as the US prepares for a virtually inevitable war w/ PRC. There will be an expectation that ENATO will commensurately increase collective defence expenditures and capabilities. Deem that this would be a healthy evolution of the current geopolitical status quo, w/ ENATO becoming a more equal partner w/in the alliance. The return of CW I level of defence expenditures by principal ENATO powers should prove to be adequate for most scenarios which could be reasonably anticipated.

          • I remember when there was a virtually inevitable war against the Warsaw Pact.
            That turned out to be wrong.
            China is way more vulnerable than Russia was, its oil supply is precarious.

          • ? Current events demonstrate PRC has access to a discounted, stable petrochemical supply.

            Actually hope your observation re CW I proves to be correct again for CW II. 🤞Simply wouldn’t place a large wager on that outcome.

          • I wonder – their stash might be large, I doubt it would last that long.
            Otherwise, their supply would be Russia. That would cause a resurgent Russia.
            All this is bollocks if the war turns VERY hot of course.
            If it stays conventional, it is easy to block the middle east route. Russia might supply China on its own. But trade would stop. China would not need so much oil, but what would happen after a few months?
            A new stalemate, China cannot win – it is the new Japan! (Of WW2 concept).

            I do wonder, what could we do against a continental Russian oil pipeline?

            Bit of a ramble, am drinking, rugger on in Cardiff this afternoon.

  3. If NATO was to extend its remit to cover the Falkland Islands then the UK could almost entirely commit defence expenditure in the South Atlantic to Europe instead. This would enhance European defence while costing other NATO partners absolutely nothing in exchange for a miniscule chance of having to defend the Falklands one day which itself would be even more unlikely if the islands were under the NATO umbrella.

    Just how serious is NATO taking collective European defence?

    • There’s very good reasons not to expand the NATO commitment like that. Suddenly every US base on the globe would represent a potential Article V commitment. China bombs a US base in Japan or Korea? We get dragged in whether we like it or not.
      Iran launches a missile strike on US troops in Iraq?
      We’re now going into Iran.

      • I understand your point but the Falkland Islands are not analogous to US military bases in foreign countries such as Iraq or South Korea. They should be treated like Hawaii or the Azores, places like that.

        • The problem with that argument is that the NATO Articles do not require it to be an attack on an “Analogous region like Hawaii.”

          Article VI states (among other things) that an attack

          on the forces, vessels, or aircraft of any of the Parties, when in or over these territories or any other area in Europe in which occupation forces of any of the Parties were stationed on the date when the Treaty entered into force or the Mediterranean Sea or the North Atlantic area north of the Tropic of Cancer.

          can be counted towards activating Article V (presumably it’s worded that way to enable the US to use Article V if Russia where to, for example, bomb it’s troops stationed in Germany, but not attack the Germans).

          So to widen the area in which Article V and VI are applicable means that it doesn’t matter that the Falklands are analogous to Hawaii, or even the US mainland, we’d still be on the hook for attacks on American bases in third party countries.

      • The only issue is that in really if there is a china and the US when to war it would inevitably lead to NATO involvement..the Chinese war book is clear you hit your enemy at home however and whenever you can to make them suffer..it’s part of political warfare..so in any sino U.S. war china will want to and really have to hit the US mainland as hard as it can in as many ways as it can, even if it’s none kinetic such as mass cyber attacks or mass terrorist attacks..as soon as that occurs its article five and Europe is trooping off to the pacific..it’s why the U.S. would quite frankly be totally tonto to leave NATO..at present it’s a massive geostrategic headache for china as it know that to fight the war it needs to fight to beat the US ( hit them hard at home so the population suffers not just it’s armed forces, leading to political instability and the administration being forced to negotiate a peace) it entangles NATO..and although china thinks it has a good chance at bringing the US to the peace table to its advantage after an nasty war..it’s less sure it could manage to do to the same to the US and European powers all working together.

        • Perhaps, but perhaps not. Cyber attacks happen constantly and nobody has activated Article V about them yet, so I think a mass cyber attack would be ignored by ENATO. China might attack the US, or they might choose that fighting Korea, Japan, Australia, the US, Vietnam and the Philippines is enough and don’t want to bring Europe into the mix. (Hell if the War starts with a Chinese strike on Korea or US forces stationed in Taiwan and then later on down the line China starts to bomb the US it’s not entirely clear that the US could invoke Article V, there will be rules lawyering over whether an “Armed Attack” means the initial outbreak of fighting, or whether a later attack in those regions can be used for Article V.)

          Either way you’d be trading a “Hey if China chooses to escalate to bombing the US mainland we might get dragged into this.” for “We’re going into every American war in perpetuity.”

          • Indeed, was just pointing that NATO does still have a level of jeopardy for European NATO members in regards to the pacific..people often forget that NATO has a western boarder as well and it ends official 12 NMs into the pacific from the North American coastline..war comes to that coast and it triggers artice five. It’s also worth remembering that article five was triggered last not with an act of armed aggression by an army navy or airforce..but by a terror attack, so it leaves it open that any form of attack could trigger an article five intervention.

            personally I think when you look at the scope of a likely US sino war, the Chinese warfighting paradigm as well as the fact no one ever won major peer war without taking it to peoples homes it’s inevitable that NATO would become involved..if china goes to war with the US it will be a total war…China believes you win by destroying your enemies political will to fight..by attacking them in every possible way in every possible place and at every possible time, it also knows it has no hope of winning a contained conventional set piece conflict against the US..it will go large or go home.

          • As I said, I don’t think that Article V would be successfully triggered by a pre-existing War coming to America’s coast. An opening attack starting on American Soil? Sure, whether Terror or not. But not “The War started in the Pacific and then expanded to the continental US.” And I can’t see any European governments letting themselves be dragged into a War because America failed to contain it to the Pacific.

            *Edit* Not reading the treaty this way effectively invalidates it as a Defensive Alliance. Because if the treaty is and article V is interpreted this way, Poland could drag NATO into a War by, for example, invading Russia, letting some Russian troops cross the border into Poland, or letting Russia bomb Warsaw and then activating Article V. So while I believe the NATO articles are vague, the intention clearly is that an “armed attack” means the opening of hostilities (either via conventional or asymmetric means) rather than hostilities at some point escalating onto relevant soil.

            Finally I’d add that even if the two of us (I don’t but for the sake of argument) might agree that the text could mean that a Chinese escalation onto the US mainland could be an excuse for the US to invoke Article V, a lot of European governments will not see it that way and will argue from my position, as they’ll want to stay out of a US-China war. Extending NATO’s remit beyond it’s current borders, as my original point stated, would mean tying Europe much more closely to American foreign policy blunders.

          • Hmmm…actually, believe ChiComs have every expectation of winning a conventional war w/ the US and multiple partners. However, fully anticipate the conflict will escalate, sooner rather than later, as both sides opt for an attempted first strike to decapitate the opposition. Then it’s goodbye Mr. Chips. NK will be glassed, perhaps Incidentally, but probably w/ malice aforethought. The Israelis will conduct instant urban renewal w/in Iran and probably have some inventory left over to go calling upon the Orcs, if deemed necessary. ENATO may be relatively unscathed in these excganges, but will be vastly disadvantaged by the Orcs, who will be totally unconstrained by nuke prohibitions from that point.*

            * A strictly non-official assessment of possible/probable coming attractions.

        • Reasonably certain that any attempted invocation of NATO Article V would prove to be largely irrelevant in the case of the commencement of general war between the PRC and the US during the next four year period. Believe the next POTUS would choose to terminate the PRC w/ extreme prejudice, under those circumstances.

          • Pretty sure the next Fuh- I mean POTUS would withdraw American troops and give the PRC anything it wanted, that’s his track record so far.

          • Trouble with that one is the CCP can now terminate right back, they now have MAD. It’s a bit of an issue really, very worrying all around.

          • Less so now w/ 500 available warheads, than in 2035, w/ a projected PRC inventory of 1500 warheads. But yes, a significant concern for at least the US, if not ENATO.

          • Yes unfortunately, 500 warheads would end the U.S….interestingly it would also catapult the rest of the world into starvation. So even if Europe never got hit by a nuclear weapon from china, if china and the U.S. jointly dumped a couple of thousands warheads on each other..no one is walking away healthy…it would be the same for the US if Europe and Russian decide to glass each other.

            if you look at the crop modelling as well as black soot modelling from a low kiloton ( A bombs over over big strategic H bombs) 100 warhead exchange, you would see around 10% of the worlds food production lost for just under a decade…that was modelling around an Indian Pakistan exchange..that would create really significant food shortages and starvation.. you move that to 2000 strategic warheads and the world simply stops producing mass agricultural food supplies for a decade…mass starvation everywhere, no matter which nations were glassed in the exchange.

            essentially any of the major nuclear powers go live and it’s bye boys civilisation from a decade of mass starvation.

          • Always thought the Aussies and Kiwis may have an opportunity to ride it out. Area surrounding HMAS Stirling will be glassed post AUKUS, but Australia is a large landmass. Would presume w/adequate prep, some would survive. The Kiwis may grow tired of mutton, but otherwise should be in decent shape post apocalypse. Probably the odd Pacific Islander as well, simply have to avoid consuming the glowing fish.

  4. I see the SDR coming to an Atlantic/European area of ops as the realistic and achievable level for the UK’s future. With naval and air assets as the prime contributions. People moan about numbers, and l understand. However the advanced unmanned systems as yet not fielded will make up mass. Particularly for the RAF and RN. Should Mr Trump start to draw down in Europe? He would actually do all a big favour by making them realise their responsibilities. Poland is leading by example, the Baltic is now a Nato lake. A peace actually imposed on Ukraine will give the buffer zone to appease Putin to some extent. Maybe controversial to some, realistic to me.

    • I completely agree.
      Opponents often mock the UK as a “mini US”, following all of their movements geopolitically.
      I think that we could lean into that.
      Act as a smaller, more localised version of the US’ role within NATO, providing a core for other nations to build around and leadership in disputes. That means standing fast on Ukraine and undersea infrastructure and building a defence industry not only us but our allies can rely on.
      Our status as a nuclear power and carrier navy help with that, as well as our current ties with all of the other European powers: CAMM and T31 with Poland, CAMM and GCAP with Italy, FC/ASW with France and Boxer with Germany.
      In the past the UK was the guarantor of stability worldwide.
      I think we can still manage to achieve that in Europe at least.

      • It is also a fact we have tied ourselves into US equipment far too often. F35 being an example, a good piece of kit but too many strings attached. Europe produces some fine equipment, I feel our future purchases should be all European sourced with other countries like Japan having input if they wish. And yes you are right, our deterrent and carriers, along with the French gives Nato a lot of teeth. It is just the political will needed from all members to pull in one direction.

        • I agree with regard to equipment but would add Australia to the list of non-local opportunities for mutually beneficial collaboration, especially for drones with BAES Aus doing well.
          The important thing is production and independence.
          I don’t care if, for example, we buy Protector drones for the MPA role or indeed P8 but we have to have flexibility and robustness in arguing for our own systems and weapons. Part of that is having credible European alternatives so that we can reasonably threaten to pull out, but getting our own weapons and maintenance like we have with P8 and haven’t with F35 (although that wasn’t the fault of our governments) is vital.

      • I think if Europe and the US end up having divergent interests any future European NATO would need to also look beyond the Euro Atlantic as part of its treaty. There will be a need to secure interests around the western Indian occean shipping lanes, access to the eastern Indian Ocean markets and production as well as access to reasources from Africa. I could see the UK and France being the two fundamental nations that support and direct this wider European interests.

  5. lets be really honest with ourselves on defence priorities for the Uk

    1) most important is European stability and peace…this where we have spent the most blood for a reason.
    2) trade routes into Europe…key to this European powers ensuring open lanes in the eastern med, eastern Atlantic, gulf, western Indian Ocean.

    in really our primary self interest lies east of the strait of Malacca. Famous for the last stand of the last imperial Japanese cruise to be sunk and within spitting distance of the resting place of Prince of Wales and Repulse so our least critical interest ( but still important) is

    3) stability and support of our allies in the pacific..but we need to be clear why that it, it’s more about preventing a U.S. china war,due to the risk of NATO involvement and economic aftershock..if for some reason the U.S. and NATO detached the first two priorities would become overwhelming and it’s very likely the pacific would fall to the wayside as Europe would have reduced exposure to a pacific war.

      • Yes good point. We are doing a bit shite at that one at present…it’s a place Russia and china has really pissed all over the west.

  6. Cast Iron 2.5% target?

    Actually means that’s an aspiration, if & when we can afford it. So more cardboard than cast Iron unless the 2025 SDR decides we absolutely must spend 2.5% , preferably 3%+ to rebuild our forces to give a genuine, credible deterrent to the enemies of democracy & freedom.
    Every cut we’ve made over time has only diminished NATO.

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