Russia has suffered between 1.3 and 1.5 million total casualties in its war against Ukraine, with around half a million of those killed, a senior NATO official has said, as Moscow struggles to replace its losses.

On the sidelines of the NATO Defence Ministers’ meeting, the UK Defence Journal was told that Russia was showing signs of overstretch, with the official describing a “staggering half a million killed” on top of a far larger number of wounded, and noting that Russian casualties had been running at a relatively steady rate of between 30,000 and 35,000 a month.

Medical logistics remained difficult for Russia, the official said, and the steady drain was increasingly hard to make good, with voluntary recruitment weakening and Moscow “struggling to find new ways to fill its ranks”, particularly for the infantry assault groups that bear the brunt of the fighting.

To keep its formations manned, the official said, Russia was increasingly relying on convicts, on indebted citizens and on foreigners, a recruitment model the official assessed was only “barely sustainable”, with a few recent months in which the number of recruits had fallen below the casualty rate.

The foreign fighters were drawn mainly from Africa, the official said, putting the total at around 24,000 over the course of the war so far, while drawing a sharp distinction with the separate involvement of North Korean troops, describing the African recruits as individuals often “taken advantage of” after being signed up under false pretences with little transparency in their contracts.

The assessment formed part of a wider picture the official painted of mounting pressure on Russia, with a worsening military, economic and social situation, fuel shortages spreading from Crimea and growing discontent among both ordinary Russians and elites, even as Moscow continued to generate enough combat power, with support from China, Iran and North Korea, to keep its operations in Ukraine relatively stable.

George Allison
George Allison is the founder and editor of the UK Defence Journal. He holds a degree in Cyber Security from Glasgow Caledonian University and specialises in naval and cyber security topics. George has appeared on national radio and television to provide commentary on defence and security issues. Twitter: @geoallison

25 COMMENTS

  1. I just had that De Ja Vu feeling again.

    It amazes me just how so many “stupids” are prepared to get Blown to pieces for one mans deluded dreams of Empire.

    Oh dear, never mind.

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    • Orcs have never been noted for being clever.

      Admittedly its not totally bad for Russia considering quite a few of their recruits were criminal scum, plus many recriuts were lured in by high wsges snd debt write-offs which I’m sure they’ll never pay out to their fsmilies.
      Good news tho is last I heard Russia is not being able to replace casualties. Perhaps even orcs can learn a little after all!

      • OS,
        Any semi-reliable estimates of casualties broken down by demographics? Could easily envision Mad Vlad being unconcerned re NK, African, convict etc., losses. Perhaps a different matter altogether w/ casualties of families from the landed, ethnic Russian gentry. 🤔

        • Russian Demographics..Their Population Already forcast on Heading South…The loss of Such a large Number of Mainly young Men will Only Make things Worse…

  2. Its funny, the only war I can think of that the Russians didn’t lose more men than their opponents was the Russo-Japanese war and they lost that one

  3. The West thinks differently from Russia’s approach to sacrifice as witnessed in WW2; nothing appears to have changed on that score.

  4. For a real perspective.. britain lost about 700,000 personal in WW1 and that scared nation for a generation or more.

  5. I just can’t see how Russia continues to fight having lost 500K troops. Russia lost 26K troops in their 10 year war in Afghanistan and I’m supposed to believe they’ve lost nearly 20 times that many in less than 5 years in Ukraine. It doesn’t smell right.

    • AI gave 352,0000- 500,000 dead so 500k maybe the upper estimate. But even taking a midpoint between the two estimates we’re conservatively talking of 400k dead. Destroying the Russian army ( and military infrastructure and key economic assests) is the way to go. Russia has no one to blsme but themselves – doubly as they won’t accept realistic peace negotiations. Putin is turning Russia jnto a Chinese client state with ominius future consequences.

      • How is “AI” supposed to have any idea whatsoever as to how many soldiers have been killed in Ukraine?

    • Afghanistan war was mainly A guerrilla Campaign..in Very Diffrent Terrain…!
      Wars Tend to be Diffrent Even if only a couple Of Years Apart Which is Why Taking ‘Lessons’ from One Doesn’t Always help When the Next One Comes Around..!.

  6. Not that Putin’s bothered .Is decision to go to war with Ukraine has just been a complete waste of life’s like most war’s . Surely he must relies he can’t win he has this mad obsession with the old Empire .What’s it going to take for this madness to stop ?

    • Pointed Out…War take over The Economy of a country like a drug..Especially over time, Difficult to return to a normal level ..Which is why NATO Leaders and the Baltic countries Especially need to be on their guard….

  7. All well and good but Will HM gov produce the figures for how many Ukrainians have been killed? …………..

    • They have been on the defensive for almost the entire time and their one real offensive was relatively free of casualties.
      Given the Russian “meat grinder” offensives, it would seem that Ukraine would have considerably fewer casualties but the exact figure is hard to estimate.
      The further downside of this is that Russia is looking at a real demographic problem going forward with less than 5.2% of their population being males under the age of 10. They are aging out.
      But Ukraine is even worse at 4.0%.

      Further comparison:
      Brazil – 6.3%
      US – 5.2%
      Canada – 4.9%
      China – 4.5%
      Japan – 3.7%
      Italy – 3.6%

      Populationpyramid dot net

        • Russia’s problem is that it is losing a lot of young and educated people and has very few immigrants. People from the ages of 18 to 39 are leaving in droves which is visible in the pyramid for Russia at the Populationpyramid dot net website. The population pyramid/tree has a belt around its middle that is not at all healthy.
          This is also a problem for Ukraine.
          The US has benefitted from the legal immigration of a lot of young people plus the illegals who trend younger as well, so the US is in pretty good shape even with the expulsion/departure of 3Mn illegal aliens over the past 18 months.
          Italy and Japan are two of the worst nations for demographic issues so they are the end of the graph to avoid.
          The nations least prepared to educate young people are the ones with the most young people. Again, this is just the males 0 to 10 group, so double it for both sexes. It started out as a study of availability of draft age men in Ukraine in Russia so it is based on males not on both sexes.
          Afghanistan – 15.1%
          Bulgaria – 4.8%
          Croatia – 4.4%. *Much of the Balkans are similar
          Greece – 4.0%
          Nigeria – 13.8%
          Poland – 14.5%
          Romania – 5.2%
          Taiwan – Stats not available due to pressure from mainland China

          World – 8.1%
          Africa 13.5%
          Asia – 7.2%
          Europe – 4.8%
          N. America – 5.5%
          S. America – 6.7%

  8. According to a study by the CSIS ( centre for strategic international studies) and reported on by the left wing NY Times Ukraine has lost 600,000 soldiers. Now due to the self evident propaganda that gets thrown around by everybody we can safely assume that the true number will be closer to a million.

  9. Oh dear, how sad, never mind. The problem is as we all know Putin literally does not care. Russia has a demographic time bomb ticking anyway like most developed countries but Putin will be dead then so again he cares not. Add to the fact that Russian peasants love being the “victim”, suffering makes them happy so they wont care either.

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